Consequences Of Blood Sugar Levels
Whilst most symptoms of low and high blood sugar levels are mild, they can worsen if left untreated and sometimes have long term consequences and/or complications. Overtime, a high blood sugar level is what can cause consequences. Lack of treatment can cause severe damage to the blood vessels and lead to complications such as:
- Damage to the eyes and/or loss of vision
- Nerve problems in the feet leading to infections
To avoid long term consequences and complications, it is advised to take all precautionary measures and treat your blood sugar level so that it can be maintained at your ideal reading. So do so, follow all treatment methods, stay on track with checking your level daily and seeking help if symptoms persist.
If you have any more questions, here are a few of the most frequently asked questions which may answer your concerns:
A Low Blood Sugar Level And Driving
You may still be allowed to drive if you have diabetes or youre at risk of a low blood sugar level for another reason, but youll need to do things to reduce the chance of this happening while youre driving.
You also need to tell the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency and your car insurance company about your condition.
For more information, see:
Why Does Exercise Lower Blood Sugar
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What Causes A Low Blood Sugar Level
In people with diabetes, the main causes of a low blood sugar level are:
- the effects of medicine especially taking too much insulin, medicines called sulfonylureas , medicines called glinides , or some antiviral medicines to treat hepatitis C
- skipping or delaying a meal
- not eating enough carbohydrate foods in your last meal, such as bread, cereals, pasta, potatoes and fruit
- exercise, especially if its intense or unplanned
- drinking alcohol
Sometimes theres no obvious reason why a low blood sugar level happens.
Very occasionally, it can happen in people who do not have diabetes.
Symptoms Of Blood Blood Sugar Levels
Symptoms of blood sugar levels differ depending on if it is high or low. To determine which way the blood sugar have moved, the symptoms for each are typically:
| High Blood Sugar Symptoms | |
| Slow healing wounds | Turning pale |
If symptoms are left untreated, more extreme circumstances can happen such as fainting, weakness, disorientation, vomiting and dehydration. When you notice symptoms, usually more than one at one time, it is advised to see a doctor right away.
It is important to get the right treatment so that you can return to a healthy normal blood sugar level and inhibit it from occurring again.
Treatment methods vary from the severity of the blood sugar level, whether it is high or low and if the patient has existing medical conditions, such as diabetes. Here are ways in which blood sugar levels can be treated:
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According To World Health Organization About 422 Million People Worldwide Have Diabetes And A Majority Of Them Are From Low And Middle
- Avoid maida-based products like naan, biscuits, and white bread
- Practice yoga at least thrice a week
- Control your waistline
Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose , says World Health Organization, which over a prolonged time period leads to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. The most common form of diabetes is Type 2 diabetes. In this, the body doesn’t make enough insulin or becomes insulin-resistant. Lifestyle causes – poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, lack of sleep, stress – all these can lead to Type 2 diabetes. Dr PG Talwalkar, Consultant Diabetologist, SL Raheja Hospital, Mahim – a Fortis Associate, tells us 10 daily habits that can help cut down blood sugar levels.
Experts Say The Thought That People With Diabetes Should Be Worried For A Lifetime As Diabetes Can Never Be Controlled Is A Misconception Most People With Diabetes Can Control Their Condition And Enjoy Every Aspect Of Life They Say
- Blood sugar and insulin levels go up when one eats a lot of refined carbs and sugar, which can lead to diabetes over time
- If one currently smokes, one should stop. Diseases like type 2 diabetes can develop from insulin resistance
- Eating better goes hand in hand with getting more exercise
Diabetes is a condition which is in an uptrend in recent days. Though the condition needs to be managed throughout life, the complications that follow can be completely prevented and managed among the ones who have already developed by following basic practices. The uptrend in diabetes cases has become a worry amongst medical professionals. Diabetes is now emerging as the new epidemic in the country, not among the elders but also among the young generation.
Diabetes that starts before age 40 is called type 2 diabetes, which starts early. Type 2 diabetes is usually more common in middle age and old age. Diabetes is becoming more common in children, teens, and people in their 20s and 30s. Before several decades, this was not the case. People often don’t pay attention to the symptoms because they don’t expect to be diagnosed with diabetes so early in life, and waiting to start treatment could do a lot of damage to young people.
Weight loss:
Keeping the body active:
Quit smoking:
Cut down on sugar and carbohydrates:
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How Is Hypoglycemia Diagnosed
Your doctor will diagnose hypoglycemia based on a physical exam, your health history, your symptoms, and testing of blood glucose. A first step in diagnosis can be to document blood glucose values of less than 70 mg/dL at home when symptoms occur. This may be confirmed with a blood draw.
Timing of hypoglycemia can be important in the diagnosis. Some causes of hypoglycemia are more likely to result in low blood glucose when fasting, while other causes can induce hypoglycemia after meals.
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How To Prevent Hypoglycemia With And Without Diabetes
If you dont have diabetes, one of the best ways to prevent low blood sugar is to not skip meals. Eat five to six small meals throughout the day to keep your blood sugar within a healthy range.
If you increase your level of physical activity, you might need additional calories during the day to maintain your energy. Plus, learn how to recognize symptoms of low blood sugar, especially if youre taking a medication that affects your blood sugar.
If you have diabetes, monitor your blood sugar level frequently, and talk with your doctor if youre having symptoms of low blood sugar.
Its important to monitor your glucose level if you make any changes to your eating schedule or if you increase physical activity. Ask your doctor about fast-acting carbohydrates like glucose tablets. If your blood sugar drops suddenly, a tablet can raise it to a safe level.
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What Are Risk Factors For Hyperglycemia
Major risk factors for hyperglycemia are:
- You have a family history of type 2 diabetes.
- You are African American, Native American, Hispanic or Asian American.
- You are overweight.
- You have high blood pressure or cholesterol.
- You have polycystic ovarian syndrome .
- You have a history of gestational diabetes.
Symptoms And Treatment Of Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia doesn’t cause symptoms immediately. After blood sugar has been high for days or weeks, you may have symptoms including:
These symptoms can progress to mental confusion, seizures, problems with vision, and loss of consciousness.
Hypoglycemia requires immediate action. Most of those with diabetes know to take a high-calorie drink or snack if they have symptoms of hypoglycemia. If this doesn’t work, it’s important to get medical help right away. If someone who doesn’t have diabetes has these symptoms, quick treatment is also important.
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What Else Can I Do To Help Manage My Blood Sugar Levels
Eating a healthy diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting regular physical activity can all help. Other tips include:
- Keep track of your blood sugar levels to see what makes them go up or down.
- Eat at regular times, and dont skip meals.
- Choose foods lower in calories, saturated fat, trans fat, sugar, and salt.
- Track your food, drink, and physical activity.
- Drink water instead of juice or soda.
- Limit alcoholic drinks.
- For a sweet treat, choose fruit.
- Control your food portions .
Blood Sugar Levels And Exercise
You can keep your blood sugar levels under control when you exercise, so that you do not become too hungry or make your blood sugar level drop. There are two ways to keep your blood sugar levels under control:
Keep a quick-sugar food with you during exercise in case your blood sugar level drops low.
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When To Talk To A Doctor About Your Blood Sugar
Routine check-ups with your doctor including blood work are imperative for preventing and treating high blood sugar. As mentioned, because many symptoms of prediabetes may go unnoticed, a medical exam including blood work is the best way to detect high blood sugar.
Its also important to speak with your doctor if you have a family history of diabetes, feel as though you may be experiencing symptoms or have any concerns about your blood sugar.
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What To Know About Diabetic Macular Edema
Fiber plays a preventative role, too. Studies have found that high-fiber diets can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes by 15 to 19 percent compared to low-fiber diets, according to a March 2018 study published in the Journal of Chiropractic Medicine.
Youll find fiber in plant foods such as raspberries, peas, and whole grains, according to the Mayo Clinic. Beans are another good source of fiber. People with type 2 diabetes who ate at least a cup of legumes daily for three months had lower blood glucose levels as measured by the A1C test, according to a study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Beans also are an excellent source of folate, which is linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, a common diabetes complication, according to the National Institutes of Health.
Men should aim for 30 to 38 g of fiber per day, and women should eat 21 to 25 g per day, according to the Mayo Clinic.
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Causes Of Blood Sugar Levels
Whilst the liver and muscles produce some glucose, most comes from the foods we eat. Food and drinks that are high in carbohydrates are most impactful on blood sugar level. What we eat provides us most of the nutrients our body needs and sometimes, does not need. That is not to say that food is a major cause of blood sugar level increasing or decreasing too dramatically.
Typically, if a person has health conditions or poor nutrition, this will lead to a spike or decline in blood sugar level. The causes differ from high to low blood sugar levels and are as follows:
Ketoacidosis: When Hyperglycemia Becomes Severe For People With Type 1 Diabetes
If you have type 1 diabetes, it is important to recognize and treat hyperglycemia because if left untreated it can lead to a dangerous condition called .
This happens because without glucose, the body’s cells must use ketones as a source of energy. Ketoacidosis develops when ketones build up in the blood. It can become serious and lead to diabetic coma or even death.
According to the American Diabetes Association, ketoacidosis affects people with type 1 diabetes, but it rarely affects people with type 2 diabetes.
Many symptoms of ketoacidosis are similar to hyperglycemia. The hallmarks of ketoacidosis are:
-
High level of ketones in the urine
-
Shortness of breath
-
Fruit-smelling breath
Additionally, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and confusion may accompany ketoacidosis. Immediate medical attention is highly recommended if you have any of these symptoms.
Some people with diabetes are instructed by their doctor to regularly test ketone levels. Ketone testing is performed two ways: using urine or using blood.
For a urine test, you dip a special type of test strip into your urine. For testing blood ketones, a special meter and test strips are used. The test is performed exactly like a blood glucose test.
If ketone testing is part of your self-monitoring of diabetes, your health care professional will provide you with other information including prevention.
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What Is The A1c Test
The A1C test is a simple blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 or 3 months. The test is done at a lab or your doctors office in addition tonot instead ofregular blood sugar testing you do yourself.
A1C testing is part of the ABCs of diabetesimportant steps you can take to prevent or delay health complications down the road:
- A: Get a regular A1C test.
- B: Try to keep your blood pressure below 140/90 mm Hg .
- C: Manage your cholesterol levels.
- s: Stop smoking or dont start.
The A1C goal for most adults with diabetes is between 7% and 8%, but your goal may be different depending on your age, other health conditions, medicines youre taking, and other factors. Work with your doctor to establish a personal A1C goal for you.
Kidney Risks Related To Type 2 Diabetes
The risk for developing chronic kidney disease increases with time in people with diabetes. Diabetes is the most common cause of renal failure, making up about 44% of cases. Keeping your diabetes under control can reduce the risk of kidney failure. Medications are also used to reduce the risk of kidney disease in people with diabetes.
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Normal And Diabetic Blood Sugar Ranges
For the majority of healthy individuals, normal blood sugar levels are as follows:
- Between 4.0 to 5.4 mmol/L when fasting
- Up to 7.8 mmol/L 2 hours after eating
For people with diabetes, blood sugar level targets are as follows:
- Before meals : 4 to 7 mmol/L for people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
- After meals : under 9 mmol/L for people with type 1 diabetes and under 8.5mmol/L for people with type 2 diabetes
Signs And Symptoms Of Low Blood Glucose
Each person’s reaction to low blood glucose is different. Learn your own signs and symptoms of when your blood glucose is low. Taking time to write these symptoms down may help you learn your own symptoms of when your blood glucose is low. From milder, more common indicators to most severe, signs and symptoms of low blood glucose include:
- Color draining from the skin
- Feeling weak or having no energy
- Blurred/impaired vision
- Tingling or numbness in the lips, tongue, or cheeks
- Nightmares or crying out during sleep
The only sure way to know whether you are experiencing low blood glucose is to check your blood glucose levels, if possible. If you are experiencing symptoms and you are unable to check your blood glucose for any reason, treat the hypoglycemia.
A low blood glucose level triggers the release of epinephrine , the fight-or-flight hormone. Epinephrine is what can cause the symptoms of hypoglycemia such as thumping heart, sweating, tingling, and anxiety.
If the blood sugar glucose continues to drop, the brain does not get enough glucose and stops functioning as it should. This can lead to blurred vision, difficulty concentrating, confused thinking, slurred speech, numbness, and drowsiness. If blood glucose stays low for too long, starving the brain of glucose, it may lead to seizures, coma, and very rarely death.
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